ABSTRACT
The cannonball pulmonary appearance is hematogenous dissemination of various primary tumors but rarely a Hodgkin's lymphoma, a disease that most commonly manifests with lymphadenopathy, often affecting the mediastinum and supraclavicular or cervical lymph nodes. To date, to the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported where the investigation of a cannonball pulmonary appearance led to the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hence, in our case report, we attempt to highlight the uncommon presentation of this disease in a 14-year-old girl who initially presented with dyspnea before her chest x-ray revealed a cannonball pulmonary appearance, which was later linked with Hodgkin's lymphoma after performing a biopsy of her axillary node.
ABSTRACT
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare underestimated condition, that generally complicates a rise in blood pressure in an acute setting. This entity has been increasingly identified in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus disease. PRES is challenging to diagnose seeing as it presents with nonspecific neurological symptoms, such as head-aches, confusion, seizures, visual changes or a coma, and can mimic neuropsychiatric lupus. Imaging plays a necessary role in confirming this diagnosis, as it is characterized by vasogenic edema of the posterior white matter, in which the distribution is bilateral and symmetrical. Although this syndrome is rare, early diagnosis allows a prompt treatment and therefore a favorable outcome. We present a case report of PRES in a 14-year-old female previously diagnosed with lupus nephropathy, who presented to the emergency department with seizures and uncontrolled hypertension, that was unfortunately not reversible is this patient.